About APARC
A New Era in Climate Science
From SPARC to APARC
The climate science community is navigating a critical moment, faced with growing demands for accurate and reliable climate predictions that extend from months to decades into the future. Addressing these challenges requires a deeper understanding of atmospheric dynamics and climate variability at both regional and global scales.
APARC, in collaboration with other initiatives within the WCRP community, is at the forefront of this effort. By focusing on improving the predictability of climate phenomena across diverse timescales—from seasonal forecasts to centennial trends—these organizations are equipping decision-makers with the tools needed to prepare for an uncertain future. This work not only enhances the accuracy of climate models but also builds a foundation for effective mitigation and adaptation strategies worldwide.
Founded in 1992, SPARC (Stratosphere-troposphere Processes And their Role in Climate) has coordinated high-level research activities related to understanding Earth system processes for over two decades. In order to broaden the range of topics to the whole atmosphere, it was decided by the SPARC Scientific Steering Group to move to a new era of the project now called APARC (Atmosphere Processes And their Role in Climate) starting on January 1, 2024.
Driving Global Research on Atmosphere and Climate
What is APARC?
APARC is a core project of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). More specifically, APARC promotes and facilitates cutting-edge international research activities on how chemical and physical processes in the atmosphere interact with climate and climate change.
APARC activities are organised under three overarching themes and result from an integration of process studies, observations, and modelling. Research is largely bottom-up driven and contributes significantly to international assessments, such as the assessments of ozone depletion by the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) and United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP), as well as the climate assessments of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). APARC products include scientific assessment reports, journal publications, newsletters, and datasets.
Much of the science APARC is coordinating relates to the WCRP Grand Challenges (GC), particularly the GCs on Clouds, Circulation and Climate Sensitivity, Near-term Climate Prediction, Climate Extremes, and Carbon Feedbacks in the Climate System. Grand Challenges are both highly specific and highly focused, identifying specific barriers preventing progress in a critical area of climate science. They enable the development of targeted research efforts with the likelihood of significant progress over 5 to 10 years.
The Scientific Steering Group (SSG) provides leadership for APARC and represents a broad spectrum of disciplines and nationalities, including both junior and senior scientists. The APARC SSG is supported by the APARC Office and activity leaders. All scientists involved in APARC initiatives work on a voluntary basis and often spend time and resources outside regular office hours on APARC activities. The continuing success of APARC relies on the essential contributions of this community.
InnovativeClimate Solutions
Pioneering interdisciplinary research to tackle emerging climate challenges with actionable strategies and advanced modeling tools.
Data-DrivenInsights
Leveraging long-term atmospheric data to uncover trends and drive evidence-based decision-making for climate resilience.
The Future ofClimate Research
Fostering global scientific collaboration to expand our understanding of atmospheric processes and their role in the Earth’s climate system.
Connecting Science, Collaboration, and Communication
What does APARC do?
Scientific research coordination: APARC brings together the world’s experts to address key questions in atmospheric and climate research.
APARC workshops, meetings, and general assemblies
To facilitate high-level science, APARC organises many workshops and meetings related to APARC activities and themes. The APARC General Assemblies (APARC GAs) are held approximately every four years and are key events in the APARC calendar, bringing together scientists from the international community to discuss APARC-related research.
APARCscience
SPARC/APARC is well known for its comprehensive scientific reports, which assess current knowledge and understanding on topics within APARC research themes. These reports are strictly peer-reviewed and of high scientific quality, having been widely cited and influential in the WMO/UNEP Ozone Assessments and IPCC Assessments. Results from APARC activities are also often published in special issues of scientific journals.
APARCcommunication
APARC’s biannual newsletters are well cited in peer-reviewed publications reflecting their high scientific quality and visibility. They include: (i) reports of the annual APARC Scientific Steering Group meetings as well as WCRP Joint Steering Committee meetings and other activities related to WCRP; (ii) reports of scientific workshops, related meetings, and activities supported by APARC; (iii) summary articles on new research activities, measurement campaigns, and programmes related to APARC. APARC also communicates regularly with the community through its eNews bulletins.
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Join the Climate Conversation
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Pioneers in Climate Science
Meet Our Lead Experts
Get to know the brilliant minds driving APARC’s mission to advance atmospheric and climate research. Our team of lead experts brings unparalleled expertise, dedication, and innovation to tackle some of the most pressing challenges in climate science. Together, they are shaping a sustainable and resilient future.
Co-Chairs
Olaf Morgenstern
(Germany)
Biography
Olaf is interested in all aspects of composition-climate interactions. He was a lead developer of the UK Chemistry and Aerosols (UKCA) chemistry-climate model from its inception in 2003. After moving to NIWA in 2008, he has widened his research to cover various aspects of climate, in particular attributing global- and regional scale climate change to anthropogenic and other drivers, and has published extensively on tropospheric composition and climate trends. He has led NIWA’s involvements in the Chemistry-Climate Modelling Initiative and the Aerosol and Chemistry Model Intercomparison Project (AerChemMIP). The latter has informed the 6th Assessment Report of IPCC which he is also a Lead Author of. He is Science Leader Earth System Modelling for the Deep South National Science Challenge, has led several projects for the Deep South NSC, and is presently co-leading the “Modelling Clouds and Aerosols” project.
Karen Rosenlof
(USA)
Biography
Karen is a Program leader and Senior Scientist for Climate and Climate Change at NOAA/ESRL. Her expertise is in interpretation of stratospheric constituent, aerosol, and temperature data. She is an author of 111 peer-reviewed journal publications. She co-chairs the SPARCs upper troposphere and stratosphere Water Vapor Assessment (WAVAS-II), served as lead author in the first SPARC water vapor assessment and participated in SPARC ozone trends and temperature activities. She is co-author for WMO/UNEP Scientific Assessments of Ozone Depletion; a reviewer and contributing author for IPCC, and a lead author for a GRUAN Network Expansion report.
Amanda Maycock
(UK)
Biography
Amanda Maycock is Associate Professor and Director of the Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science at the University of Leeds. Her research covers climate variability and change across timescales, atmosphere-ocean interaction, midlatitude dynamics, teleconnections, stratosphere-troposphere coupling and atmospheric composition. Amanda co-led the SPARC activity Atmospheric Temperature Changes and their Drivers. She served as Lead Author of the IPCC WGI Sixth Assessment Report and Co-ordinating Lead Author of the 2018 WMO/UNEP Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion and was a member of the US CLIVAR working group on tropical widening. She led the SPARC Task Team to develop the new SPARC Strategy 2022-26.
Biography
Olaf is interested in all aspects of composition-climate interactions. He was a lead developer of the UK Chemistry and Aerosols (UKCA) chemistry-climate model from its inception in 2003. After moving to NIWA in 2008, he has widened his research to cover various aspects of climate, in particular attributing global- and regional scale climate change to anthropogenic and other drivers, and has published extensively on tropospheric composition and climate trends. He has led NIWA’s involvements in the Chemistry-Climate Modelling Initiative and the Aerosol and Chemistry Model Intercomparison Project (AerChemMIP). The latter has informed the 6th Assessment Report of IPCC which he is also a Lead Author of. He is Science Leader Earth System Modelling for the Deep South National Science Challenge, has led several projects for the Deep South NSC, and is presently co-leading the “Modelling Clouds and Aerosols” project.
Biography
Karen is a Program leader and Senior Scientist for Climate and Climate Change at NOAA/ESRL. Her expertise is in interpretation of stratospheric constituent, aerosol, and temperature data. She is an author of 111 peer-reviewed journal publications. She co-chairs the SPARCs upper troposphere and stratosphere Water Vapor Assessment (WAVAS-II), served as lead author in the first SPARC water vapor assessment and participated in SPARC ozone trends and temperature activities. She is co-author for WMO/UNEP Scientific Assessments of Ozone Depletion; a reviewer and contributing author for IPCC, and a lead author for a GRUAN Network Expansion report.
Biography
Amanda Maycock is Associate Professor and Director of the Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science at the University of Leeds. Her research covers climate variability and change across timescales, atmosphere-ocean interaction, midlatitude dynamics, teleconnections, stratosphere-troposphere coupling and atmospheric composition. Amanda co-led the SPARC activity Atmospheric Temperature Changes and their Drivers. She served as Lead Author of the IPCC WGI Sixth Assessment Report and Co-ordinating Lead Author of the 2018 WMO/UNEP Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion and was a member of the US CLIVAR working group on tropical widening. She led the SPARC Task Team to develop the new SPARC Strategy 2022-26.